-
1 Old Irish
-
2 sean
-
3 àrsaidh
-
4 cailleach
-
5 a
I.2. his, her, Irish, a, Old Irish á, ái (accented), Welsh ei, Breton e, Celtic esjo, esjâs; Sanskrit gen. asyá, asyâs. The gen. pl. is an, their, Old Irish a n-, Celtic esjon (Stokes gives esan=Sanskrit gem. gen. pl. âsâm).3. who, that (rel. pron.). In Gaelic this is merely the verbal particle do of past time, used also to explain the aspiration of the future rel. sentence. Oblique cases are done by an, am (for san, sam, Old Irish san, sam), the neut. of art. used as rel. (cf. English that). The rel. locative is sometimes done by the prep. an, am: "An coire am bi na caoraich" (1776 Collection, p112).4. out of, ex: See as.5. from, in the adverbs a nall, a nìos, a nuas, a null; Irish, Old Irish an-, as anuas, etc.; Celtic a(p)ona, a derivative from Indo-European apo, whence Latin ab, Greek $$Ga$$'pó; German von, from, is the exact equivalent of the Celtic. The a before sìos and suas is due to analogy with a nìos, a nuas.II.as, a -
6 Di-
- day; the prefix in the names of the days of the week, Irish, Old Irish dia, die (Old Irish), Welsh dydd, Cornish det (for dedh), Breton dez, dijas (*dejes-?); Latin diês; Sanskrit dyáús, day, sky; Greek $$G Zeús, $$G Diós, Jove. Allied to dia, god. < Di-dòmhnuich>, Sunday, Irish Domhnach, Early Irish domnach, from Latin (dies) dominica, Lard's day - dominus, lord; < Di-luain>, Monday, Irish Dia-luain, Middle Irish luan, Welsh Dydd Llun, from Latin dies Lunæ, "day of the moon"; < Di-màirt>, Tuesday, Irish Dia-mairt, Early Irish máirt, Welsh Dydd mawrth, from Latin dies Martis, "day of Mars"; < Di-ciaduinn>, < Di-ciadaoin>, Wednesday, Irish Dia-céadaoine, Old Irish cétáin, cétóin, de cétain ( de = dia = Latin die), dia cetáíne, from ceud, first, and aoine, fast, q.v., Early Irish áine: "day of the first fast", Friday being the second and chief day; < Diardaoin>, Thursday, Irish Dia-dhardaoin, Early Irish dardóen = etar dá óin, "between two fasts" - the day between the two fasts of Wednesday and Friday; < Di-haoine>, Friday, Irish Dia-aoine, Dia-haoine, Early Irish áine, dia áine, Old Irish dia oine dídine (day of the last fast): "day of the fast", from aoine, fast, q.v.; < Di-sathuirn>, Saturday, Irish Dia-sathuirn, Middle Irish satharn, dia sathairn, from Latin dies Saturni, day of Saturn.. The days of the week were originally named (in Egypt) after the seven planets of the ancients - Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jove, Jove, Venus, Saturn. -
7 na
Inot, ne, Irish, Old Irish na: used with the imperative mood solely. It is an ablaut and independent form of the neg. prefix in (see ion-, an-), an ablaut of Indo-European nê, Latin nê, Greek $$G nc-; shorter from Latin ne$$u-, Gothic ni, English not ( ne-á-wiht), etc.; further Indo-European n$$.-, Greek $$Ga$$'n-, Latin in-, English un-, Gaelic an-. See nach, which is connected herewith as Greek $$Gou$$'k, $$Gou$$'; the Welsh is nac, nag, with imperative, Breton na.IIor, vel, Irish ná, Early Irish, Old Irish nó, Welsh neu: *nev (Stokes, who allies it to Latin nuo, nod, Greek $$G neúw, Sanskrit návate, go remove; but, in 1890, Bez. Beit.$$+16 51, he refers it to the root nu, English now). It can hardly be separated from neo, otherwise, q.v. Strachan agrees.IIIthan, Irish ná, Middle Irish iná, Early Irish inda, indás, Old Irish ind as, indás, pl. indate (read indáte); from the prep. in and tá, to be (Zeuss$$+2, 716-7, who refers to the other prepositional comparative conjunction oldaas, from ol, de). The use of in in Old Irish as the relative locative may also be compared.VIwhat, that which, id quod, Middle Irish ina, ana, inna n-, Early Irish ana n-; for an a, Old Irish rel. an( really neuter of art.) and Gaelic rel a, which see. Descent from ni or ni, without any relative, is favoured by Book of Deer, as do ni thíssad, of what would come. Possibly from both sources. -
8 dearc
I.behold, see, Irish dearcaim, Old Irish dercaim, video, derc, eye, *derkô, I see, perfect *dedorka (cf. chunnairc = con-darc Indo-European derk, see; Greek $$G dérkomai, $$G dédorka, have seen; Old High German zoraht, bright; Sanskrit darç, see.II.dearc, dearcaga berry, so Irish, Old Irish derc, *derkes-, Sanskrit drâkshâ, grape, vine (Stokes); root derk, see, the idea being "conspicuous". Cf. Greek $$G drákwn, dragon, $$G dorkás, gazelle, from the root derk, see. See dearc, behold. The Old Irish derucc, g. dercon, glans, is, like German eichel, glans (from eiche, oak), from the root of darach, oak ( Zimmer).III.dearc, dearc-luachracha lizad, Irish earcluachra, the " earc of the rashes", Middle Irish erc, speckled, red, Irish earc, salmon, Welsh erch, fuscus, darkish, *erko-s, for perko-; Greek $$G perknós, dark-blue, $$G pérkc, a perch; Sanskrit pr$$.çnis, speckled; German forelle, a trout, Old High German forhanna. For meaning, cf. breac, a trout, "the speckled one". The d of Gaelic dearc belongs to the article. -
9 air
on, upon. This prep. represents three Irish ones:1. air=Old Irish ar, air, ante, propter, Welsh ar, er, Breton er, Gaul are-, Celtic ari, arei, Greek $$G pará, $$G paraí, by, before; Latin prae; English fore, for. This prep. aspirates in Irish, and in Gaelic idioms it still does so, e.g. air chionn. 2. link=air.1air=Old Irish for, "super", Old Welsh and Old Breton guor, Breton voar, oar, Gaulish ver-; Greek $$Gu$$`pér; Latin s-uper; English over. This prep. did not aspirate; it ended originally in r in Gaelic; as an inseperable prefix ( vero-, viro- in Gaulish) it aspirated, as in the modern form of old names like Fergus, now Fearghuis or Fear'uis (gen. case). 3. link=air.2air=Old Irish iar n-, after, pre-Celtic epron; Sanskrit aparám, afterwards, aparena, after; Gothic afar, after, English af-ter. Further come Greek $$Go$$'pi-, behind, e$$'pí-, to, Latin ob-, op-. See iar. This is the prep. that is used with the inf. to represent a perfect or past participle in Gaelic - Tha mi air bualadh; "I have struck". </LI></OL> -
10 bith
Ithe world, existence, Irish, Old Irish bith, Welsh byd, Breton bed, Gaulish bitu-, *bitu-s; root bi, bei, live, Indo-European $$gei, $$gi, whence Latin vivo, English be, etc. Hence beatha, beò, biadh, q.v.IIbeing (inf. of bì, be), Irish, Early Irish beith, Old Irish buith. The Old Irish is from the root bhu (English be, Latin fui) = *buti-s, Greek $$G fúsis. The forms bith and beith, if derived from bhu, have been influenced by bith, world, existence; but it is possible that they are of the same root $$gi as bith. Stokes, in his treatise on the Neo-Celtic Verb Substantive, takes bith and beith from the root ga, go, Greek básis (English base), a root to which he still refers the Old Irish aorist bá, fui (see bu). -
11 lìon
I.Iflax, lint, Irish líon, Early Irish lín, Welsh llin, Cornish, Breton lin: *lînu-; Latin lînum, flax; Greek $$G línon, flax, $$Gli$$nta, cloth; Gothic lein, Old High German li$$-n; Church Slavonic li$$unu$$u; root lei, li, smooth, flow.II IIIfill, Irish líonaim, Old Irish línaim: *lênô, *plênô; Latin plênus, full; Greek $$Gplc/rcs, full; root plê, plâ, as in làn, q.v. Hence lìonar, lìonmhor, numerous.II.lìon, cia lìon -
12 ni
Inot, Irish ní, Old Irish ní, ni, Welsh ni: *nei; Old Latin nei, Latin ni-, nê; Old H.German ni, German nein; Old Slavonic ni, neque; Zend naê; Greek $$G nc-. Thurneysen says *ne-est = *nést, Celtic níst, nìs, ni h- non-aspirating.IIa thing, Irish nidh, Old Irish ní, res, probably a curtailed form of Old Irish aní, id quod, from the art.neut. and the pronominal suffix ei, which Zimmer compares to Gothic ei, that (conj.), sa-ei, that-ei, which is either the locative of pronominal o- (Greek $$Gei$$', Indo-European ei-so, this here), or the particle seen in Greek $$Gou$$`tos-í (i long), an instrumental of Latin is, Gaelic e, he. Some have regarded ni as from *gnithe, factum, which See in ní, will do. -
13 oir
-
14 glaodh
Ia cry, call, Irish glaodh, Middle Irish gloed, a shout; cf. Old Irish adgládur, appello, Sanskrit hra$$-/date, sound, Greek $$Gglw$$nssa, tongue ( $$G*glwqia?), Irish and Gaelic would then be from an Old Irish *gláid, from *glâdi-. Hence glaodhar, glaoran, a noise, prating. Old Irish gloidim, ringo.II -
15 lòn
Ifood, Irish, Middle Irish lón, Old Irish lóon, adeps, commeatus, Old Breton lon, adeps: *louno-. Strachan and Stokes cf. Old Slavonic plu$$uti, caro, Latin plutà, a crust, Lettic pluta, a bowel. Bez. queries if it is allied to L.German flôm, raw suet, Old High German floum. It was usual to refer it to the same root as Greek $$Gplou$$ntos, wealth; and Ernault has suggested connection with blonag (*vlon), which is unlikely.II -
16 sgiath
Ia shield, Irish sgiath, Old Irish sciath, Welsh ysgwyd, Old Welsh scuit, Old Breton scoit Breton skoued: *skeito-; Church Slavonic stitu$$u, shield; Old Prussian scaytan, Norse skíð, firewood, billet of wood, tablet (Schräder); to which Bez. queries if Latin scûtum (*skoito-?) be allied.IIa wing, Irish sgiathán, sgiath, Early Irish sciath ( sciath n-ete, shoulder of the wing), Old Irish scíath, ala, pinaa, Welsh ysgwydd, shoulder, Cornish scuid, scapula, Breton skoaz: *skeito-, *skeidâ, shoulder-blade; Indo-European root sqid, Latin scindo; Greek $$G shízw, split; Sanskrit chid, cut; further German scheiden, divide (Indo-European shheit), which agrees with the Gadelic form. -
17 do
Ito, Irish do, Old Irish do, du, Cornish dhe, Old Breton do, Breton da; English to, Anglo-Saxon tó, German zu; Latin -do ( endo, indu); Greek $$G-de. Stokes derives the prep do from the verbal particle do, to. See do.IIa verbal particle denoting "to, ad", Irish do, Old Irish do-, du-, also to-, when it carries the accent (e.g. dobiur, I give, *do-bérô, but tabair, give, *tó-bere; Welsh du-, dy-, y. Cf. Gat. du, to prep. and prefix, for *þ;u?III -
18 an
I.Iin, Irish a n- (eclipsing), Old Irish i, i n-, Welsh yn, Breton en; Latin in; Greek $$Ge$$'n; English in, etc. Generally it appears in the longer form ann, or even as ann an; See ann.IIinterrogative particle, Irish an, Old Irish in; Latin an; Gothic an.II.an, a'the, Irish an, Old Irish in (mas. and fem.), a n- (neut.); a t- appears before vowels in the nom. masc. ( an t-athair), and it is part of the article stem; a Celtic sendo-s (m.), sendâ (f.), san (n.). Sendo-s is composed of two pronominal roots, dividing into sen-do-; sen, judging by the neuter san, is a fixed neuter nom. or acc. from the Celtic root se (Indo-European sjo, beside so-, allied to Anglo-Saxon se, the, seó, now she. The - do- of sendo-s has been referred by Thurneysen and Brugmann to the pron. root to-( English tha-t, Greek $$Gtó); it is suggested that to- may have degenerated into do- before it was stuck to the fixed form sen. Sen-to- could not, on any principle otherwise, whether of accentuation or what not, produce the historical forms. It is best to revert to the older etymology, and refer do- to the pronominal root appearing in the Latin fixed cases (enclitic) - dam, - dem, (qui- dam, i-dem, etc.), the Greek $$G dé, $$G-de (as in $$Go$$`/-de, this), Church Slavonic da, he. The difference, then, between Greek $$Go$$`/-de and Gaelic sen-do-s is this: the Greek inflects the first element ( $$Go$$`= so) and keeps the $$G de fixed, whereas Gaelic reverses the matter by fixing the sen and inflecting the do-; otherwise the roots are the same ultimatley, and used for almost similar purposes. -
19 do-
I.do-, du-prefix of negative quality, Irish do-, dó-, Old Irish do-, du-, *dus-; Sanskrit dus-; Greek $$G dus-; Gothic taz-, German zer-. Its opposite is so, q.v. Following the analogy of so, it aspirates the consonants though originally it ended in s.II.du-, do-prefix denoting badness of quality, Irish, Old Irish du-, do-, *dus; Greek $$G dus-; Gothic tuz-, Norse tor-; Sanskrit dus-. See do-.III.to-, do- -
20 lan
a blade, sword, Irish lann, also "a scale, scale of a fish, disc" (Arg., M`A.): *lag-s-na? Root lag, as in Early Irish laigen, lance, Welsh llain, blade, Latin lanceo, Greek $$G lóghc, lance-point. Thurneysen (Zeit. 28) suggests *plad-s-na, "broad thing"; Greek $$G plaqánc, German fladen, flat cake, further Gaelic leathann, broad, etc. Old Irish lann, squama, is referred by Stokes to *lamna, allied to Latin lamina, lamna; which would produce rather Old Irish *lamn, Modern lamhan. Irish lann, gridiron, is doubtless allied to Old Irish lann.
См. также в других словарях:
Old Irish — Goídelc Pronunciation [ˈɡoiðʲelɡ] Spoken in Ireland, Isle of Man, western coast of Great Britain … Wikipedia
Old Irish — n. the Gaelic language of Ireland from the earliest period to the 11th cent … English World dictionary
Old Irish — Old′ I′rish n. peo the Irish language as attested in manuscripts prior to c900 Abbr.: OIr • Etymology: 1885–90 … From formal English to slang
Old Irish units of measurement — In old Irish law, a wide variety of measurements were used. Contents 1 Length 2 Area 3 Capacity 4 Mass 5 Time … Wikipedia
Old Irish — noun Irish Gaelic up to about 1100 • Hypernyms: ↑Irish, ↑Irish Gaelic … Useful english dictionary
Old Irish — noun the Irish Gaelic language up to c.1000, from which modern Irish and Scottish Gaelic are derived … English new terms dictionary
Old Irish — noun Date: 1876 the Irish in use from the seventh century to about 950 see Indo European languages table … New Collegiate Dictionary
Old Irish — the Irish language before c900. Abbr.: OIr [1885 90] * * * … Universalium
Old Irish — noun The Irish language as attested from the sixth to the tenth centuries A.D … Wiktionary
Old Irish — /oʊld ˈaɪrɪʃ/ (say ohld uyrish) noun the Irish language before the 11th century …
List of English words of Old Irish origin — This is a list of English words borrowed from Old Irish.; Cross : From *cross , from Latin crux .; Dulse Collins English Dictionary 21st Century Edition Harper Collins (2001) ISBN 0 00 472529 8] : from duilesc .; TocherRobinson, M. (ed) The… … Wikipedia